I would like to present a small part of research on the Historiography of Departement voor Inlandsche Zaken period 1820-1847. In 1890 the organization became het Kantoor voor Inlandsche Zaken.
by. Rini
Profile
of Translators of Departement voor Inlandsche Zaken period 1820-1847
1.Cornelis Pieter Jacob Elout
Cornelis
Pieter Jacob Elout, who was a son of C.T.
Elout – the Minister of Colonies 1824-1829,
was born in Harlem 26 November 1795.[1]
His father was very proud him. Cornelis Pieter Elout
Senior wrote a letter to Van Lennep on 28th August 1816 that his son, C.P.J. Elout, within his amazing
ability, could translate the eastern language without any mistakes, he could
speak and write perfectly in such a young age and fastly. [2]With his tremendous language ability, in
1820 he was appointed as Secretary of Departement voor inlandsche zaken. It
was also during his period as a Secretary he
also took part in the signing of an agreement in London in 17 March 1824 and in
peace negotiation during java war in 1825-1826. [3]
His first task was to
translate a dictionary of English-Malay by William Marsden into
Dutch-French-Malay and Malay Grammar book (Malaische Spraakkunst) which
was then published in 1825.[4]
It was also one of first publication by the departement that was
intended to put foundation for translations of Malay language. The books were
linguistic literatures which were used by the Netherlands Indies officers in
developing consistence correspondence with local rulers. [5]From
this point of view, it can be argued that C.P.J Elout was the first Dutch
translator who put the basic standard of Malay in Netherlands Indie.
After publishing the books,
he then took part to be interpreter representing Departement voor Inlandsche
zaken for negotiating with representatives in Djocjokarta during Java war
from 2015-2016. [6]
Subsequently, due to reorganization of Algemeene Secretary, in January
1827 he was transferred to
be Resident of Riouw. In that place he
concluded an agreement with
Sultan Riouw-Lingga, which
apparently his transfer was still related to his former position as a
negotiator and a translator so that the government used his ability to secure
the relationship with the local rulers in that area.
- Philippus Pieter Roorda van Eysinga (Dr. Philippus Pieter)
He was a civil
officer as well a brilliant scholar who mastered Malay and Javanese language. He
was
a son of a predikant (priest) named
Ze
Roorda van Eysinga and he was
born on December 1 1796 in Overijsel. Before
coming to Batavia, He was a 2e Luitenant when he was
transferred to Nederlands Indies in November 8, 1819.[7] His first encounter with
Malay as lingua franca of the archipelago was really impressed him much. Thus, in
April 1820 he decided to leave his military carrier and focused more on the
study of native languages. During his
training as an Eleve he was placed in the Bureau of Translateur
in Batavia from 1819-1820 under coordination of Gerrit Kool, a senior officer
for Malay translator.[8] He studied not only
Malay, but also Persian, Arabic, and Hindustan. In April 3, 1822, he was
appointed as the First
Commies in
Departement voor Inlandsche zaken;[9]
he was entrusted to be the one who
carried the departement’s main tasks and functions, since at that time C.P.J Elout was still in
Netherlands translating the Malay Grammar book and Dictionary of William
Marsden.
He
had achieved many accomplishments especially in publication of linguistic
literatures of the native languages, such as a dictionary of Malay-Dutch in
1824 and he designed a dictionary of
Netherlands-Javanese dictionary for high and low Javanese during his dedication in Departement voor
Inlandsche zaken. On July 19, 1822, he was also
appointed as a civil officer for
Palembang where he gained experiences
and knowledge on Malay. In 1827, after C.P.J Elout was transferred to Riouw, he
became the head of bureau (Hoofdcommies) voor Inlandsche zaken
bureau. [10]A
year later, in 1828 he was appointed to be a secretary in Bantam.
3.
Christiaan van Angelbeek
Christiaan van
Angelbeek started his carrier as an eleve of Malay at bureau of
translateur in Batavia in 1819-1820. [11]After
Departement voor Inlandsche zaken was established in October 1820, he
was transferred to work in the organization together with P.P. Roorda van
Eysinga. His first task as a translator was revising Malay Grammar book of
George Hendrik Werndlij (published in 1736). He succeeded in publishing the
book in 1823 and the book marinated prominent for the next five years ahead. He
worked as a translator for Malay at Departement voor Inlandsche zaken
from 1820-1825. [12]
4.
Adriaan David Cornets de Groot Jr.
A.D. Cornets de
Groot Jr, who was the youngest Hoofdcommies (Head of Commission) in Departement
voor Inlandsche zaken, was a son of High-ranked civil service in de Raad
van Financien (Council of Finance) and a direct descendant of Hugo de Groot
the 6th.[13]
He was 15 years old when he became an eleve of Javanese language in
Soerakarta. Due to his brilliant knowledge, specifically in Javanese language,
before he reached twenty years old, he was appointed to a secretary of the
Surakarta resident. [14]In
1825, he showed his remarkable language ability in Javanese language in Batavia
Courant, on October 19, no. 42, in an article titled “Mengelingen”. [15]
He
was appointed to be Hoofdcommies Bureau
voor Inlandsche zaken in 1828 when he was 24 years
old. During his reign, the department was tasked to finish the book “Spraakkunst
van het Javaans in manuscript achterlatend”. But he could not finish the
task due to his weak condition and
he died in 1829 in
Netherlands.
5.
Johannes Diderik Gerardus Schaap
He was the
longest Hoofdcommies (1831-1838) of Departement voor Inlandsche zaken.
[16]He
started his carrier as an eleve in bureau of translateur in
Batavia in 1821 as Malay-Dutch translator. In almanak voor Nederlandsch
Indie, it was stated that he began his carrier in the departement as a fungerend
translateur (a replacement translator) for H.J. Huskus Koopman who were in
Netherlands in 1825.[17] He was the only translator whose works can be
found until now.
- Raden Ingabei Rio Rekso di Poero
He was the only
government Javanese interpreter who was mentioned to work for Bureau voor
Inlandsche zaken for period 1843-1846. [18]
He worked as an editor of first draft translations which had been made by the
translator. In This point of view, he was assigned to check whether the context
meaning of the source text (Dutch language) is parallel to the target language
(Javanese).[19]
[1] Encyclopedia van Nederlandsch-Indie Tweede Druk Met Medewerking
van Verschillende Geleerden Ambtenaren en Officieren, 1917, p. 666
[13] Teeuw, A, 1973, “Taalambtenaren, Taalafgevaardigden en Indonesische Taalwetenschap”, in
Forum der Letteren, Jaargang 14-No.3 September, p. 168
[15] De Groot, A.D. ,
“Mengelingen”, in Batavia Courant van den 19 october 1825, downloaded
from www.delpher.nl.com, taken on March
14, 2016. In this article A.D. de Groot made remarks on a Malay grammarbook
which was translated by C.P.J. Elout (as a Secretary voor Departemen voor
Inlandsche Zaken). He astonished the readers by giving some solutions on
how to read Javanese alphabet which was considered the most difficult language
to be read by the Europeans at that time. More remarks on this article can be
found in the book Javaansche Spraakkunst, door wijlen A.D. Cornets de
Groot, uitgegeven in naam en opverzoek van het Bataviasche Genootschap van
Kunsten en wetenschappen door J.F.C. Gericke; Opnieuw uitgegegven en voorzien
van een nieuw woordenboek door T. Roorda, Amsterdam: bij Johannes Muller, 1843.
[17] Massier, AB., 2009, p.
573, 585, and in Almanak voor Nederlands Indies voor het jaar 1822,
1823, 1824, 1825.
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